Planteværn Online > Skadevoldere - Weed biology<br> <sub>Agro-region: Denmark</sub> - Barren Brome

Crop Protection Online

22.11 2024

Weed biology
_{Agro-region: Denmark}

Barren Brome

Can be mistaken for

Barley, volunteers, which does not have fused leaf sheaths.

Oat, volunteers, which does not have fused leaf sheaths.

Rye, volunteer, which does not have fused leaf sheaths.

Soft Brome, which has full-edged shorter ligules.

Spring Wild-oat, which has patent hairs on the leaf edge.

Wheat, volunteers, which does not have fused leaf sheaths.

Characteristics

Early stages
Rolled vernation. Limp leaves with rough, downy surfaces. No dentation. The leaf sheath is downy and fused (closed) to above the middle. The ligule is toothy to frayed and approx. 4 mm long.

Mature plant
Barren Brome is a relatively large plant with 20-60 cm high, erect stems. The spikelets are grouped in a panicle that is erect at first and later nodding. The species is often mistaken for Wild Oat, which only has 2-3 awns per spikelet, whereas Barren Brome has 4-8 awns per spikelet. Seed production: Up to approx. 200 seeds per plant.

Seed
Long, very slim, often hollow-backed with a 15-25 mm long awn and a pointed, nail-shaped edge at the base of the back. The bract is highly domed, 7-veined, of which the middle veins are the most prominent. The rachilla is approx. 3 mm long. The ventral furrow is deep, gull-shaped with a narrow, deep longitudinal groove. The surface has short barbate hairs on the bract and rachilla. Thousand grain weight approx. 6.4 g.

Biology

Propagation and dispersal
Only through seeds.

Habit
Winter annual and sometimes summer annual.

Importance

The species is mainly found on the loamy soils in Denmark (East Jutland and the Danish Isles). It is found mostly along field edges in both autumn- and spring-sown crops. In areas where reduced tillage is combined with specialised growing of Wheat, Barren Brome can become a problem causing severe losses in the entire area. The plant is undesirable in a number of grass seed crops because it is difficult to separate the seeds.

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Taxonomy

Gramineae.

Names in different languages

Danish :	Hejre, gold
German :	Taube Trespe
English :	Barren Brome
Latin :	Bromus sterilis L.
Norwegian :	Sandfaks
Swedish :	Sandlosta

Very early stage

Early stage

Ligule

Closed leaf sheaths

Spikelets

Mature plant

Seeds

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Weed biology Agro-region: Denmark