Planteværn Online > Skadevoldere - Weed biology<br> <sub>Agro-region: Denmark</sub> - Black-grass, metabolic
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20.4 2024 undefined

Weed biology
Agro-region: Denmark

Black-grass, metabolic Previous page Next page

Go to identification key for weeds

Can be mistaken for

Black-grass that is morphologically identical but not resistant to fop/dim- and ALS-herbicides
Couch-grass, which has leaf teeth.

Resistance to herbicides

There have been significant populations of this weed in Denmark, which requires special considerations in the control. Read more here.

Characteristics

Early stages
Rolled vernation. The leaves are rather short with clear ribs on the top side. No dentation. The leaf sheaths are clearly reddish. The ligule is medium, approx. 2.5 mm.

Mature plant
Black-grass is a medium-sized plant with 30-60 cm high, erect stems. The spikelets are joined in cylindrical tufts. Black-grass can be mistaken for Timothy, but can be distinguished by the spikelets of Black-grass having awns.

Seed
Oval outline, very compressed, with kneed awn from the bract under the outer awns. Oval cross section. The highly compressed, very firmly attached outer awns are fused at the bottom, but separate at the top with a sharp angle. The surface is rough, finely granular and hairy on the sharp-edged veins. Oval, compressed and naked seeds occur. Thousand grain weight approx. 2.0 g.

Biology

Propagation and dispersal
Only through seeds.

Habit
Winter annual.

Importance

The species is found occasionally in autumn-sown crops, primarily in the southern part of Denmark. At large densities Black-grass causes heavy losses, even in competitive crops. In seed fields with Rough Meadow-grass and Smooth Meadow-grass the plant is undesirable because it is difficult to separate the seeds.

For treatment options, consult 'Herbicides Across'.
For more options, consult 'Main Menu'.

Taxonomy

Gramineae.

Names in different languages

Danish : Rævehale, ager, metabolisk res
German : Ackerfuchsschwanz, metabolisch
English : Black-grass, metabolic
Latin : Alopecurus myosuroides
Norwegian : Åkerreverumpe, metabolisk
Swedish : Renkavle, metabolisk
Black-grass, metabolic: Very early stage
Very early stage
Black-grass, metabolic: Early stage
Early stage
Black-grass, metabolic: Ligule
Ligule
Black-grass, metabolic: Red leaf sheaths
Red leaf sheaths
Black-grass, metabolic: Flowering spikelets
Flowering spikelets
Black-grass, metabolic: Mature plant
Mature plant
Black-grass, metabolic: Seeds
Seeds
 
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