Crop Protection Online > Pests - Weed biology<br> <sub>Agro-region: Denmark</sub> - Viola arvensis

Crop Protection Online

16.6 2024

Weed biology
_{Agro-region: Denmark}

Viola arvensis

Can be mistaken for

Veronica arvensis L., which has hairy true leaves.

Veronica persica, which has hairy true leaves.

Characteristics

Cotyledons
Broad egg-shaped with entire leaf margins. Stalked. Smooth surface. Length approx. 5-7 mm.

True leaves
Broad egg-shaped with small incisions in the leaf margins. Stalked. Smooth, brightly shiny surface. Length approx. 8-15 mm.

Mature plant
Field Pansy is a low-growing plant (5-30 cm). Another Pansy species – Wild Pansy – is found in sandy soil; this is a little higher and has larger flowers. Also, the dominant colour of the Wild Pansy flower varies much between white, yellow and blue. The largest diameter of the flower (Field Pansy) is approx. 10-15 mm. Seed production:Up to approx. 2,500 seeds per plant.

Seed
Inverted drop-shaped with a whitish yellow bulge at the base margin. Smooth and shiny surface. Thousand grain weight approx. 0.4 g.

Biology

Propagation and dispersal
Only through seeds.

Habit
Summer and winter annual.

Importance

Field Pansy is frequently found in both autumn- and spring-sown crops throughout Denmark. A dense population will cause losses in winter cereals and Beets.

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Taxonomy

Scrophulariaceae.

Names in different languages

Danish :	Stedmoder, ager
German :	Ackerstiefmütterchen
English :	Field Pansy
Latin :	Viola arvensis
Norwegian :	Åkerstemorsblom
Swedish :	Åkerviol

Seedling

Early stage

Flower

Mature plant

Seeds

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Weed biology Agro-region: Denmark